Justin Russell Murdoch v. State

                                      In The
                                 Court of Appeals
                        Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo

                                         No. 07-17-00291-CR


                         JUSTIN RUSSELL MURDOCH, APPELLANT

                                                   V.

                                 STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE

                             On Appeal from the 54th District Court
                                   McLennan County, Texas
                Trial Court No. 2015-1351-C2, Honorable Matt Johnson, Presiding

                                        December 28, 2017

                                MEMORANDUM OPINION
                     Before QUINN, C.J., and CAMPBELL and PIRTLE, JJ.

        Justin Russell Murdoch (appellant) appeals his two convictions on two counts of

indecency with a child by contact. Three issues lie before us, which issues will be

addressed in turn. We modify in part and affirm. 1




        1 Because this appeal was transferred from the Tenth Court of Appeals, we decide the case in
accordance with the precedent of the transferor court under principles of stare decisis if the transferee
court’s decision would be inconsistent with the precedent of the transferor court. TEX. R. APP. P. 41.3.
       Issue One – No Fine

       Under his first issue, appellant contends that the trial court erred in stating within

the judgment on count two that appellant was assessed a fine of $10,000. The State

agrees. The jury did not levy a fine as part of its punishment. Thus, the issue is sustained,

and the judgment on count two is modified to redact mention of a $10,000 fine.

       Issue Two – Lesser Included Offense

       Appellant next contends that the trial court erred in failing to submit an instruction

on the lesser included offense of attempted indecency with a child by contact. As

acknowledged in his brief, the instruction was not requested by appellant. This is of import

since the trial court has no duty to submit one sua sponte. Tolbert v. State, 

 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010); Bright v. State, No. 07-15-00118-CR, 

, at *21 (Tex. App.—Amarillo June 29, 2016, pet. ref’d) (mem. op., not

designated for publication). Thus, the issue was not preserved for review. Goggins v.

State, __S.W.3d __, __, 

, at *6-7 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th

Dist.] Nov. 30, 2017, no pet. h.); accord, Darnes v. State, 

 (Tex.

App—Amarillo 2003, pet. ref’d) (holding that “the failure to ask the trial court to charge the

jury on a lesser-included offense does not preserve the issue for review”); see also Tolbert

v. State, 

 (stating that because the appellant did not request the

instruction, there was “no jury-charge ‘error’ to which Almanza’s egregious harm analysis

would apply”).

       Issue Three – Evidence of Extraneous Offense

       In his final issue, appellant contends that the trial court erred in admitting evidence

of an extraneous bad act when the State failed to provide reasonable notice of its intent



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to do so under Texas Rule of Evidence 404(b)(2). See TEX. R. EVID. 404(b)(2) (West

2016) (stating that “[o]n timely request by a defendant in a criminal case, the prosecutor

must provide reasonable notice before trial that the prosecution intends to introduce such

[extraneous offense] evidence . . . in its case-in-chief”). We overrule the issue.

       The State sought to admit evidence of appellant touching the buttocks of another

child in rebuttal to the defensive theory of fabrication. The trial court eventually granted

leave to do so on that basis and instructed the jury that it “may only consider the same in

rebutting the defensive theory of fabrication, if any, in connection with the offense, if any,

alleged against him in the indictment in this case and for no other purpose.” Because the

evidence was offered in rebuttal to a defensive theory raised by appellant, the prior notice

requirement of Rule 404(b)(2) did not apply. See Jaubert v. State, 

 (Tex.

Crim. App. 2002) (stating that “when the State presents extraneous offense evidence in

rebuttal to mitigation evidence offered by the defendant, advance notice of intent to offer

the extraneous offense evidence is not possible: ‘In such a situation, the defendant, rather

than the State, determines whether a contested issue will be raised, and his determination

will not be made known until he presents his case. It would be practically impossible for

the State to give notice until that time.’”); Chung v. State, No. 10-16-00242-CR, 

, at *4-5 (Tex. App.—Waco Oct. 25, 2017, no pet.) (mem. op., not

designated for publication) (citing Jaubert and reiterating that the notice provision did not

apply to evidence of extraneous offenses offered in rebuttal to a defensive theory).

Furthermore, appellant does not attempt to explain why the holding in Jaubert is

inapplicable here.




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      To the extent that appellant invokes the umbrella of due process as basis for

contending that he was entitled to prior notice, that argument went unmentioned at trial.

Thus, it was not preserved. See Chapman v. State, No. 10-14-00350-CR, 

, at *6 (Tex. App.—Waco July 13, 2016, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated

for publication) (stating that the complaint on appeal must correspond with objections and

arguments made at trial, and when a trial objection does not comport with the issue raised

on appeal, the issue is not preserved for review). Nor does he attempt to now explain

how and why due process would mandate the provision of prior notice when, as said in

Jaubert, it would be rather “impossible for the State to give notice until” it became aware

of the need to defend against a particular defensive theory raised by the accused at trial.

      We redact from the judgment on count two the reference to appellant being

assessed a fine of $10,000 and affirm that judgment as modified. We also affirm the

judgment on count one.



                                                               Brian Quinn
                                                               Chief Justice

Do not publish.




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