Jeremy Jackson v. State of Florida
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
Date FiledFebruary 5, 2020
Docket2D17-4283
StatusPublished
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Full Opinion
NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO FILE REHEARING
MOTION AND, IF FILED, DETERMINED
IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL
OF FLORIDA
SECOND DISTRICT
JEREMY COLE JACKSON, )
)
Appellant, )
)
v. ) Case No. 2D17-4283
)
STATE OF FLORIDA, )
)
Appellee. )
)
Opinion filed February 5, 2020.
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Charlotte
County; Donald H. Mason, Judge.
Howard L. Dimmig, II, Public Defender, and
Carol J. Y. Wilson, Assistant Public
Defender, Bartow, for Appellant.
Ashley Moody, Attorney General,
Tallahassee, and Elba Caridad Martin,
Assistant Attorney General, Tampa, for
Appellee.
PER CURIAM.
Jeremy Jackson appeals four final orders revoking his probation. We
have jurisdiction. See Fla. R. App. P. 9.140(b)(1)(D). Because we find merit in three of
the arguments that Mr. Jackson raises on appeal, we remand for entry of corrected
orders revoking Mr. Jackson's probation.
First, the circuit court found Mr. Jackson in violation of condition five of his
probation for committing the new law offense of assault. However, the State's affidavit
of violation of probation did not allege that Mr. Jackson had committed an assault. "A
trial court is not permitted to revoke probation on conduct not charged in the affidavit of
revocation. [R]evoking an individual's probation for conduct not alleged in the charging
document deprives the individual of due process and constitutes fundamental error."
McRae v. State, 88 So. 3d 384, 385 (Fla. 2d DCA 2012) (alteration in original) (citations
omitted) (first quoting Johnson v. State, 811 So. 2d 749, 750 (Fla. 2d DCA 2002); then
quoting Wells v. State, 60 So. 3d 551, 553 (Fla. 1st DCA 2011)); see also Howard v.
State, 883 So. 2d 879, 880 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004) ("It is a due process violation and
fundamental error to revoke probation for violations not alleged in the affidavit of
violation of probation."); Smith v. State, 738 So. 2d 433, 435 (Fla. 1st DCA 1999)
("Revocation of probation on grounds never alleged in writing violates due process and
is fundamental error."). Accordingly, the violation of this condition of probation should
be stricken from the orders revoking Mr. Jackson's probation.
Second, the circuit court found Mr. Jackson in violation of condition nine of
his probation for failing to comply with his probation officer's order that he not have
contact with two individuals. While "a probation officer may give a probationer routine
supervisory directions that are necessary to carry out the conditions imposed by the trial
court. . . . an instruction that essentially imposes a new condition of probation is not a
routine supervisory direction and cannot support a finding that the probationer is in
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violation." See Miller v. State, 958 So. 2d 981, 984-85 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007). The
officer's "no contact" order essentially imposed a new condition of probation that went
beyond a routine supervisory instruction. See Haynes v. State, 440 So. 2d 661, 662
(Fla. 1st DCA 1983) ("Count 4 of the affidavit alleged that contrary to his probation
officer's instruction, defendant went to his wife's house . . . . [T]his instruction by
defendant's probation officer was not a routine supervisory direction but essentially
amounted to a new condition of probation which a probation officer is without authority
to prescribe."). Accordingly, the violation of this condition of probation should be
stricken from the orders revoking Mr. Jackson's probation.
Finally, the orders revoking Mr. Jackson's probation erroneously state that
he admitted to the charged violations. He did not. On remand, those orders must be
corrected.
Because the record is clear that the circuit court would have revoked Mr.
Jackson's probation based upon the remaining violations of his probation, we affirm the
revocation of Mr. Jackson's probation but remand with instructions that the orders
violating probation be corrected consistent with this opinion.
Affirmed; remanded with instructions.
KHOUZAM, C.J., and LUCAS and BADALAMENTI, JJ., Concur.
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