Full Opinion

United States Court of Appeals For the First Circuit No. 23-1923 SUJEIL PEÑA-TORRES; JOSE E. BLASCO-JUSINO; LUCERO RODRIGUEZ-FERNANDEZ; LISA M. TORRES-COLON; JOFFRE E. GOMEZ-FRONTERA; ZABDIEL A. NIEVES-RIVERA; ENNY DE JESUS-UREÑA; LORAIMA M. ROSADO-VILLAFAÑE; PAOLA M. PROSPER-CRESPO; WENDOLY M. VAZQUEZ-OLIVERAS, Plaintiffs, Appellants, v. UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE, ARTS AND TECH, a/k/a USAT, a/k/a MEDICAL COLLEGE OF LONDON, a/k/a MALINA MEDICAL COLLEGE, a/k/a METROPOLITAN INNOVATIVE GROUP, INC., a/k/a USAT MONTSERRAT LLC; ORIEN L. TULP; CONJUGAL PARTNERSHIP TULP-DOE; CARLA M. KONYK; JOHN DOE CONJUGAL PARTNERSHP DOE-KONYK; MANUEL JOSÉ ORTIZ-BUSTILLO; JANE DOE CONJUGAL PARTNERSHIP ORTIZ-DOE; YANIRE BUSTILLO; JOHN DOE CONJUGAL PARTNERSHIP DOE-BUSTILLO; DANIELA CABRERA-PUJADAS; JOHN DOE CONJUGAL PARTNERSHIP DOE-CABRERA; KAREN BALDWIN; CONJUGAL PARTNERSHIP DOE-BALDWIN; INSURANCE COMPANY XYZ; JOHN DOE COMPANY ABC; JOHN DOE; JANE DOE, Defendants, Appellees. ERRATA SHEET The opinion of this Court, issued on October 2, 2026, is amended as follows: On page 3, note 2, line 6, replace the comma before <however> with a semi-colon On page 11, line 14, replace <a closed -- and open -- ended concept> with <a closed- and open- ended concept> On page 11, line 19, replace <open or closed-ended> with <open- or closed-ended>