Full Opinion

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS COMMONWEALTH OF THE NORTHERN ) APPEAL NO. 95-030 MARIANA ISLANDS, ) CRIMINAL CASE NO. 94-34F ) ) Plaintiff/Appellee, ) ) OPINION v. ) ) LUCIA SABLAN, ) ) Defendant/Appellant. ) ) Submitted on the Briefs January 4, 1996 Counsel for Appellant: Eric S. Basse PPP-395; P.O. Box 10000 Saipan, MP 96950 Counsel for Appellees: Alan L. Lane Assistant Attorney General Office of Attorney General Admin. Bldg., 2nd floor Saipan, MP 96950 BEFORE: VILLAGOMEZ and ATALIG, Associate Justices and SALAS, Special Judge. ATALIG, Associate Justice: Appellant, Lucia Sablan (“Sablan”), appeals the legality of her sentence for robbery. We have jurisdiction pursuant to title 1, section 3102 (a) of the Commonwealth Code. We affirm. ISSUE PRESENTED AND STANDARD OF REVIEW The issue before us is whether the Superior Court erred in not suspending Sablan’s entire sentence when it ordered her to pay restitution pursuant to the terms of 6 CMC § 4113. The legality of a sentence is a question of law which we review de novo. United States v. Hahn, 960 F.2d 903, 907 (9th Cir. 1992). FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND On March 21, 1994, the Office of the Attorney General (“OAG”) filed an Information charging Sablan with four counts: robbery, theft, aggravated assault and battery, and assault with a dangerous weapon. On July 7, 1995, Sablan entered into a plea agreement with the OAG where she agreed to plead guilty to robbery. In exchange, the OAG agreed to move to dismiss the other charges and recommend a sentence of twenty years in prison and a fine of $10,000 with ten years suspended so long as certain conditions were met. Under the terms of the agreement, Sablan was not bound by the OAG’s recommendation and could argue for an alternative sentence. On July 18, 1996, the Superior Court accepted Sablan’s plea of guilty and found her guilty of robbery in violation of 6 CMC § 1411(a) which is punishable by 6 CMC § 1411(b)(2). After the sentencing hearing held on August 18, 1995, the Superior Court issued a Judgment and Probation Commitment order sentencing Sablan to six years imprisonment, all of which was suspended except for the first three years. As a condition of the suspended sentence, Sablan was placed on supervised probation; ordered to pay restitution to Lea Gaspar for medical and other expenses associated with her injuries including an airline ticket to and from the Phillippines; perform 250 hours of community work service; and attend counseling with a psychiatrist at the Commonwealth Health Center. Defendant timely appealed. ANALYSIS Sablan asserts that her sentence is illegal because she should have been sentenced pursuant to 6 CMC § 4113 and that when the Superior Court ordered restitution, she was entitled to suspension of her entire sentence. We disagree. The Superior Court found Sablan guilty of robbery in violation of 6 CMC § 1411(a) and sentenced her pursuant to 6 CMC § 1411(b)(2). 6 CMC § 1411(a) states: A person commits the offense of robbery if he or she takes the property from the person of another, or from the immediate control of another, by use or threatened use of 2 immediate force or violence. A person who is convicted of robbery pursuant to 6 CMC § 1411(a) may be punished: (2) If the defendant . . . uses a dangerous weapon to obtain the property or inflicts serious bodily injury, the term of imprisonment may be not more than 20 years. 6 CMC § 1411(b)(2). The Superior Court sentenced Sablan to imprisonment for six years, all of which was suspended except for the first three years. This sentence was well within the guidelines of 6 CMC § 1411(b)(2). When Sablan and the OAG entered into their Plea Agreement, 6 CMC § 4113 was not a guideline agreed to by the parties. Any consideration of a 6 CMC § 4113 disposition must be specifically agreed to in the plea agreement or it must be unambiguously specified by the Superior Court since it departs from normal sentencing procedures.1 Title 6, section 4113 is a provision which provides for a form of deferred imposition of sentence. The defendant is placed on probation for a fixed period of time based on certain conditions. If the defendant complies with all the conditions of the suspended imposition of sentence, then the conviction is expunged. Therefore, there is no sentencing under 6 CMC § 4113. Where a sentence is imposed, 6 CMC § 4113 is not implicated. Under the terms of the Plea Agreement, Sablan was free to argue for a different sentence than what was being recommended by the OAG. Sablan’s three year suspended sentence of the original six year term is conditional upon her meeting the Superior Court’s conditions including the payment of restitution while under the court’s supervision. The Superior Court’s sentence of Sablan was pursuant to the terms of the Plea Agreement and it chose the appropriate sentence after hearing arguments presented by counsel. 1 Since we find that the Superior Court properly sentenced Sablan pursuant to 6 CMC § 1411(b)(2), we need not address the other issues brought by the appellant regarding 6 CMC § 4113. 3 CONCLUSION For the reasons set forth above, we hereby AFFIRM the Sentencing Order dated August 18, 1995 and the Judgment and Probation/Commitment Order entered on August 22, 1995. Entered this 27th day of November, 1996. /s/ Ramon G. Villagomez RAMON G. VILLAGOMEZ, Associate Justice /s/ Pedro M. Atalig PEDRO M. ATALIG, Associate Justice /s/ Vicente T. Salas VICENTE T. SALAS, Special Judge 4