Full Opinion

USCA11 Case: 24-13654 Document: 27-1 Date Filed: 11/06/2026 Page: 1 of 3 NOT FOR PUBLICATION In the United States Court of Appeals For the Eleventh Circuit ____________________ No. 24-13654 Non-Argument Calendar ____________________ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, versus JUAN ANDRES JULIO CARDALES, Defendant-Appellant. ____________________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida D.C. Docket No. 8:18-cr-00465-WFJ-AEP-1 ____________________ Before NEWSOM, BRASHER, and ABUDU, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM: Juan Andres Julio Cardales appeals from the district court’s denial of his request for a sentence reduction, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2). On appeal, Cardales argues that the district court USCA11 Case: 24-13654 Document: 27-1 Date Filed: 11/06/2026 Page: 2 of 3 2 Opinion of the Court 24-13654 abused its discretion because it failed to consider all the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors when determining whether he was entitled to a sentence reduction, and improperly based its decision in part on the reduction Cardales already received at sentencing for his sub- stantial assistance to the government. While his appeal was pend- ing, Cardales was released from prison. Thus, after careful review, we find that Cardales’s appeal is moot. We review jurisdictional issues de novo and evaluate our ju- risdiction sua sponte. United States v. Lopez, 562 F.3d 1309, 1311 (11th Cir. 2009). “[A] federal court has no authority to give opin- ions upon moot questions . . . or to declare principles or rules of law which cannot affect the matter in issue in the cases before it.” Christian Coal. of Fla., Inc. v. United States, 662 F.3d 1182, 1189 (11th Cir. 2011) (internal quotations and citations omitted). A case is moot when a party seeking relief no longer suffers from or is threat- ened by an actual injury that could be redressed by a favorable ju- dicial decision. United States v. Juv. Male, 564 U.S. 932, 936 (2011). In criminal cases, a defendant’s challenge to his sentence be- comes moot after the expiration of his sentence unless he can show a “continuing injury” or a “collateral consequence.” Id. (internal quotation marks omitted). However, where a defendant is still serving a term of supervised release, any challenge “related to that aspect of his sentence is not moot.” United States v. Stevens, 997 F.3d 1307, 1310 n.1 (11th Cir. 2021). Here, because Cardales has completed his term of imprison- ment, which is the only aspect of his sentence he is challenging, his USCA11 Case: 24-13654 Document: 27-1 Date Filed: 11/06/2026 Page: 3 of 3 24-13654 Opinion of the Court 3 appeal from the denial of his Section 3582(c) motion is moot. Juv. Male, 564 U.S. at 936; Stevens, 997 F.3d at 1310 n.1. Therefore, we lack jurisdiction over this appeal. See U.S. Const. art. III, § 2. Accordingly, Cardales’s appeal is DISMISSED.