Full Opinion (html_with_citations)

REL: December 9, 2022



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 ALABAMA COURT OF CIVIL APPEALS
                               OCTOBER TERM, 2022-2023
                                _________________________

                                         CL-2022-0544
                                   _________________________

                                                     J.R.

                                                      v.

                                         J.H.R. and J.F.R.

                        Appeal from St. Clair Probate Court
                                    (N-21-530)



EDWARDS, Judge.

        On December 2, 2021, J.H.R. and J.F.R. ("the prospective adoptive

parents") filed a petition in the St. Clair Probate Court seeking to adopt

J.R. ("the child"). Notice of the adoption action was served on J.R. ("the
CL-2022-0544

father").1   On December 13, 2021, the father filed a contest to the

proposed adoption in the probate court, and, on March 10, 2022, the

probate court held a hearing pursuant to Ala. Code 1975, § 26-10A-24,

after which it entered an order on March 22, 2022, denying the father's

adoption contest. On April 5, 2022, the father filed a notice of appeal

from the order denying his adoption contest. We dismiss the appeal.

      We have previously explained that an order denying an adoption

contest is not a final judgment capable of supporting an appeal. See Ex

parte W.L.K.,
175 So. 3d 652, 656
 (Ala. Civ. App. 2015) (explaining that

an order resolving an adoption contest but not resolving the entire

adoption proceeding was an interlocutory order); see also Fowler v.

Merkle,
564 So. 2d 960, 961
 (Ala. Civ. App. 1989) (holding that the denial

of a motion to set aside consent to an adoption was not a final judgment).

As we recently explained in Ex parte C.D., [Ms. 2210248, Nov. 18, 2022]

___ So. 3d ___, ___ (Ala. Civ. App 2022):

      "This court has, in the past, [reviewed the denial of an
      adoption contest] on mandamus review, typically after
      converting an appeal to a petition for the writ of mandamus.
      See, e.g., Fowler v. Merkle,
564 So. 2d 960, 961
 (Ala. Civ. App.
      1989); Smith v. Jones,
554 So. 2d 1066, 1067
 (Ala. Civ. App.

      1The   child's mother is deceased.
                                      2
CL-2022-0544

     1989); Kinkead v. Lee,
509 So. 2d 247, 248
 (Ala. Civ. App.
     1987); Ex parte Department of Hum. Res.,
502 So. 2d 771, 772
     (Ala. Civ. App. 1987); Alabama Dep't of Pensions & Sec. v.
     Johns,
441 So. 2d 947, 948
 (Ala. Civ. App. 1983); see also Ex
     parte Fowler,
564 So. 2d 962, 964
 (Ala. 1990) (treating petition
     for the writ of certiorari as a petition for the writ of
     mandamus). However, mandamus is an extraordinary writ,
     and a mandamus petition is not a proper vehicle for review of
     every type of interlocutory order. See Ex parte Spears,
621 So. 2d 1255, 1258
 (Ala. 1993); Ex parte U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'n,
148 So. 3d 1060, 1064
 (Ala. 2014) (listing those types of
     interlocutory orders for which mandamus is an appropriate
     remedy); see also Ex parte M.A.D.,
830 So. 2d 751, 753
 (Ala.
     Civ. App. 2002). More recently, this court has consistently
     reviewed orders concluding that a parent had impliedly
     consented to adoption on appeal from the final judgment of
     adoption. See, e.g., S.P. v. J.R.,
206 So. 3d 637
 (Ala. Civ. App.
     2016); J.D.S. v. J.W.L.,
204 So. 3d 386
 (Ala. Civ. App. 2016);
     and I.B. v. T.N.,
194 So. 3d 221
 (Ala. Civ. App. 2015)."

     An adoption contestant is entitled to challenge the order denying

the contest in an appeal from any valid adoption judgment that might be

entered. Thus, mandamus review is not appropriate in this case because

the father has an adequate remedy by way of an appeal. However, at this

stage of the proceedings, because the father has appealed from a nonfinal

judgment, his appeal must be dismissed. See Wolf v. Smith,
414 So. 2d 129, 130
 (Ala. Civ. App. 1982) (dismissing an appeal from an

interlocutory order of the probate court and explaining that an appeal



                                    3
CL-2022-0544

lies only from a final judgment of adoption that met the requirements of

Ala. Code 1975, former § 26-10-4).

     APPEAL DISMISSED.

     Thompson, P.J., and Moore, Hanson, and Fridy, JJ., concur.




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